What is the Difference Between a Supercharger and Turbocharger?

For years I actually thought that a superchargerSuperchargers are mechanically powered by belt,
and turbocharger or turbo were the same thing.gear, shaft or chain connected to the engine's
Just different names from different carcrankshaft. Superchargers powered by an
manufacturers, right? Actually that's not quiteexhaust gas turbine are turbochargers. The
true.supercharger increases the power output of the
A turbocharger is actually a form of supercharger.engine by providing more oxygen to support
It's a gas compressor that is used for forcedcombustion. The first supercharged cars were
induction on an internet combustion engine (carintroduced in 1921 by Mercedes. Superchargers
engines for example). The purpose of a turbo isare widely used by racing and production cars i.e.
to create more power by increasing the densityexpensive, high performance cars.
of the air entering the engine. The turbochargerThere are three different types of superchargers
has the compressor powered by a turbine whichin automotive use: centrifugal turbochargers which
is driven by the engine's exhaust. This is differentare driven from exhaust gases, centrifugal
from a supercharger which is powered by asuperchargers which are driven by the engine via
mechanical drive.a belt drive and positive displacement pumps.
Turbocharging is very common on diesel enginesPositive displacement superchargers, in many
because they are suited very well forapplications, are less efficient than turbochargers
turbocharging. An engine's specific power andbut for dragsters and vehicles used in tractor
power to weight ratio can be dramaticallypulling competitions these superchargers are very
improved by turbocharging. Without this, thosecommon for their engine response and power.
stats are poor in non turbocharged diesel engines.The economy and power of a turbocharged
Turbochargers used in gasoline engines of highengine are better than with superchargers. But
performance cars and diesel engines inthe main advantage of a mechanically driven
transportation. Small cars really benefit from asupercharger is a better throttle response and the
turbo as there is not much room to fit a largeability to reach full boost pressure instantaneously.
engine. Some car manufacturers have producedFor both superchargers and turbochargers, and
turbocharged cars for many years such as Volvo,important part of the design is to keep the air
Saab, Audi, Volkswagen and Subaru. Chrysler andthat enters the engine cool. Air compression raises
Buick developed turbocharged engines in the 70'sits temperature so it is common to use an
and 80's.intercooler to reduce the temperature of the air
A supercharger is air compressor used for forcedbetween the pump and engine.
induction of an internal combustion engine.